Greetings
Greetings are taken very seriously in Brazilian culture, and many customs are associated with them. For example, a handshake is an appropriate gesture upon meeting a person. During business meetings, handshakes should be firm but not bone-crushing. Men should wait for women to extend their hands first; kissing on the cheek is an acceptable alternative if a woman does not. In some cases, two male acquaintances will hug each other as a sign of greeting. Furthermore, using someone’s first name is considered overly familiar and should be avoided.
Handshakes
Greetings are generally quite formal. Meeting someone for the first time calls for people to exchange titles and surnames – until you have been invited to do so, avoid using first names. Eye contact is essential, and it’s impolite not to look someone in the eye when greeting them. It is customary for women only to shake hands with other women, not men, particularly if meeting for the first time. Men should always offer their hand to anyone they meet, regardless of age, gender, or social status.
When shaking hands, it is a regular practice to give a gentle two-handed handshake and a light pat on the arm simultaneously. After that, kisses on alternate cheeks with friends or relatives may be exchanged if appropriate;
- female-female kiss twice;
- male-female kiss three times, alternating cheeks (right-left-right).
Hugging may also occur between close friends and family members, although this demonstrates increasing familiarity and may take visitors by surprise.
It is important to remember that handshakes usually occur between people of equal standing or younger. Those senior in age or social position will always be greeted first by those junior in rank. As Brazilians take their relationships seriously, taking one’s time in forming business relationships should be observed; being rushed by foreign partners doesn’t work.
Physical Contact
Physical contact is a significant part of Brazilian culture. Brazilians are known worldwide for their friendliness and openness, often expressed through physical contact. In most cases, people greet each other with a kiss on the cheek, followed by hugs and handshakes. When greeting someone formally, a handshake is appropriate. However, it should be firm without being too aggressive or too limp—this shows respect and deference to the other person.
It is important to note that physical contact between members of the same gender is more acceptable in Brazil than in many other countries. For example, men typically greet each other with hugs and even an affectionate peck on the cheek while shaking hands—this can feel strange if you’re used to more conservative customs in your country.
When saying goodbye, people usually embrace or shake hands before parting ways, depending on how well they know each other. But, again, same-gender physical contact tends to be much more accepted in Brazil than in many other countries, so it does not carry any special significance—it is considered normal for friends to kiss or hug goodbye even if they are the same gender.
Language
Brazilian Portuguese is the official language of Brazil and is spoken by roughly 99% of the population. The language is derived from Portugal’s Latin-based dialects and is influenced by several indigenous languages. English is also spoken by a small percentage of the population, mostly in the country’s bigger cities.
Knowing the language can help you communicate better in Brazil and learn more about their culture.
Portuguese
Portuguese is Brazil’s official language and the primary language spoken in the country. It is a Romance language derived from Latin, and it is estimated that roughly 216 million people worldwide speak Portuguese as their native language. In 2015, Portuguese was named one of the world’s most spoken languages today, with over 200 million native speakers spread across multiple countries.
In Brazil, many people speak Spanish for business or to communicate with visitors from other Latin American countries, but Portuguese remains Brazil’s mother tongue. Though some Brazilian slang can be difficult to understand, basic conversational Portuguese is quite straightforward once you learn key phrases related to cultural customs.
Depending on which region of Brazil you are visiting or living in, you might also hear several other native languages such as German (in Southern Brazil), Uro-Guarani dialects (in Amazonia), or other indigenous languages like Nheengatu (in Central-Eastern Brazil).
Spanish
Brazil is remarkably diverse and multicultural, with its people from many different backgrounds. One additional layer of cultural complexity is that Brazil has three official languages: Portuguese, Spanish, and English.
Although the vast majority of citizens throughout Brazil speak Portuguese as their first language, several areas in the country’s south also speak Spanish. This linguistic variant is Brazilian Spanish (Español Brasileño), representing a distinct mixture of Portuguese and Castilian Spanish (as spoken in Spain). Brazilian Spanish is widely used in southern states such as Sao Paulo, Santa Catarina, and Parana.
In addition to this regional dialect, it is common to hear people using traditional Spanish phrases during the regular conversation – particularly those visiting from foreign countries or those living or traveling within South America. Though learning both languages can seem daunting for newcomers, knowing even basic phrases will be valuable for interacting with locals. Knowing Portuguese should be an absolute priority, but understanding some Spanish phrases will help you communicate better with locals when English fails you!
Dining
When it comes to dining in Brazil, the culture is quite diverse. Due to its many influences, different customs and etiquette are followed depending on the region.
Generally speaking, Brazilian etiquette is quite polite and graceful. However, it is crucial to understand the customs and etiquette before dining out or eating at someone’s home.
Table Manners
Table manners differ slightly from one region of Brazil to another, but the guidelines listed below will give you an understanding of the culture’s expectations.
- When invited to someone’s home for a meal, arrive with a small gift, such as flowers or chocolates. Offer the gift(s) with both hands.
- If invited to a restaurant, offer to pick up the tab as a sign of respect. Men take turns paying for meals when they’re out in a larger group.
At the table, wait until everyone has been seated before eating. It is considered polite to eat slowly and enjoy the conversation around you- it is common practice to try at least one bite of everything served on your plate, and most Brazilians warmly welcome those who imitate their dining customs.
It is impolite to refuse food when offered during a meal; however, if you find something disagreeable or cannot finish your meal due to being full- no issue or offense will be taken as long as good manners are maintained throughout the dining experience.
Food Etiquette
Brazil is known for its flavor-packed, traditional dishes. When dining out in Brazil, there are a few food-related customs to be mindful of. Since dinner is the main meal of the day, it is usually eaten much later than in other countries, around 8 p.m. Most restaurants and eateries accept credit cards and traveler’s checks if you pay in Brazilian reais (the local currency).
When dining at a restaurant or in someone’s home, wait for your dinner companions to help themselves before beginning your meal. It is polite to wait for everyone to have food on their plate and for the oldest person at the table to say “Bon appetite” before people start eating.
- If bread comes with a meal, it should be accepted as part of the meal, not eaten separately as an appetizer or snack. Breaking bread into small pieces can also be seen as rude behavior.
- Additionally, fish should always be served from the head to its tail so that individuals don’t need to reach over one another to eat it.
- Friendliness is generally encouraged when dining with Brazilian people, and having exciting conversations is very important during meal times – make sure not to talk with your mouth full!
Dress
Brazilians take their dress very seriously. For men, dress trousers and a collared shirt are usually expected when visiting business establishments. On the other hand, women should avoid wearing revealing clothing, which is seen as inappropriate in most settings.
It is also important to note that bright colors and tropical prints are prevalent in Brazil, so wearing such clothing may blend in easier with the local population.
Formal Attire
Generally, formal attire for Brazilian events should adhere to the norm of “dress for success.” Men should wear a dark-colored suit with a buttoned-down shirt or polo in a light or dark color; tie and dress shoes are also recommended. Women should also wear a conservative dark-colored suit or dress, and the outfit should be accessorized with minimal jewelry such as earrings and a necklace.
Formal Rio de Janeiro nights usually require more sophisticated ensembles than those elsewhere in Brazil. For example, formal dresses for women can include a short black cocktail dress of knee-length or lower combined with stylish heels, while men may opt for something dressier, like suits in two contrasting colors, such as black-and-white or navy blue-and grey. For less formal Rio nights, comfortable jeans may be acceptable if combined with an elegant top; however, wearing shorts and flip-flops is not recommended.
Beachwear
When visiting a beach in Brazil, beachwear is expected. It includes wearing a bathing suit, sun hat, and sunglasses. However, when heading to the beach in cities like Rio de Janeiro or Florianópolis, many locals opt for more modest two-piece swimming costumes instead of skimpy bikinis. While on the beach, respect the local customs by covering up partially when outside the water or sunning on the sand. Avoid wearing anything that’s overly provocative or revealing, such as thong bikinis.
In larger cities such as São Paulo or Salvador, it is also not uncommon to find private beaches known as ‘clube da praia‘ where visitors are required to cover up more during their time there – usually meaning a shirt and shorts must be worn away from the water. Be aware of the dress code if you plan to visit one of these locations.
Bare feet are always acceptable for either gender when visiting a beach in Brazil. However, be aware that areas may not be well kept, so flip-flops may still be advantageous for parts of your journey!
Gifts
Gift-giving is an essential part of Brazilian culture, and it’s important to know how to behave when giving or receiving a gift to understand Brazilian etiquette. In Brazil, giving small tokens of appreciation such as flowers, chocolates, and souvenirs is customary. Generally, when giving a gift, it should be wrapped in gift paper for an excellent presentation. Giving a gift with a personal touch will also be appreciated.
Let’s take a closer look at gifts and present-giving in Brazilian culture:
Appropriate Gifts
When making a first impression, thoughtful gifts are often important in Brazilian culture. Gift-giving can range from small tokens to expensive presents. However, it is essential to consider the recipient’s preferences and cultural expectations when selecting a gift for a Brazilian.
Appropriate gifts may vary depending on the occasion and context of your visit or interaction with the recipient; it is important to research Brazilian cultural customs and etiquette to make a good impression. Here are some ideas of suitable gifts for Brazillian people you may consider:
- Bottles of Brazilian wine
- Fresh fruits such as pineapple, guava, and mango
- Books about local history or culture
- A selection of chocolates or confectionaries from local stores
- Traditional items such as handcrafted jewelry, pottery, and art pieces by local artists
- Certificate for spa treatments or beauty salon services
- Wellness products such as aromatherapy candles or natural soaps made with organic ingredients
It is also important to note that in Brazil, gift-giving should never be expected in return. However, receiving something small like chocolates or flowers in response can be seen as a polite gesture of appreciation. No pressure should be involved in this process, nor should anyone feel uncomfortable due to financial differences between gifting parties.
Gift Wrapping
Gift wrapping styles often reflect the culture and values of the sender and recipient. In Brazil, wrapping gifts in bright and vibrant colors is common, reflecting liveliness, joy, and enthusiasm. You can also use bold patterns like polka dots or abstract designs to show appreciation for the gift receiver. Avoid wrapping gifts in monochrome or muted color schemes, as they signify death or mourning in Brazil.
When buying ready-made gift-wrapping materials for your Brazilian friends, look for plastic ribbons rather than paper twine because plastic gives a better texture. In addition, many gift wrappers include personalized messages outside their presents before adding a finishing ribbon. Written with love, these messages showcase your feelings towards the recipient while having a fun presentation value at the same time.
In addition to wrapping paper and ribbons (in various shapes and sizes), you can add other decorative items like tiny jewelry or petite flowers to decorate your gifts further. Furthermore, if you send chocolates as a present, ensure they come with attractive packaging and design – preferably one that symbolizes life’s luxuries to convey an impression of high quality and appreciation for your friend’s special occasion!
Religion
Religion plays a significant role in Brazil’s culture and traditions. Approximately 64 percent of the population is Roman Catholic, while 21 percent belong to Protestant denominations. Brazil is also home to several indigenous faiths. These faiths developed over the centuries and were known as the rituals of the cults of the slaves and their descendants.
It is important to be aware of the religious customs in Brazil to show respect for their beliefs.
Predominant Religions
Brazil is a religiously diverse country, with its inhabitants adhering to various faiths and belief systems. However, the predominant religion in Brazil is Roman Catholic Christianity, although much of the population of Brazil also practices some form of syncretic Afro-Brazilian religion.
Roman Catholicism is the largest religion in Brazil, representing 64% of the total population. Catholicism entered Brazil via Portuguese colonization and has been present in the country ever since. As such, the presence of Catholicism in Brazilian culture is powerful, and it can be seen in aspects such as architecture, festivals, and language use.
Besides Catholicism, other Christian denominations are also found throughout the country – like Evangelism (24.3%), Protestantism (6%), and others (1%). Other smaller religious groups include Buddhism (0.3%), Afro-Brazilian religions – referencing Umbanda/Candomblé -(2%), and other beliefs (1%).
Holidays
Brazil is home to a diverse set of ethnic and cultural backgrounds. This diversity can be seen in the way each religion and culture celebrates the holidays that are important to them.
One of Brazil’s most widely celebrated holidays is Carnival, an annual celebration culminating on Ash Wednesday, marking Lent’s beginning. The largest Carnival celebration is in Rio de Janeiro, but Carnaval festivities can be found throughout Brazil.
Another major Brazilian holiday is Easter, which occurs 40 days after Ash Wednesday; Corpus Christi (Festa de São João) also takes place during this time of year. Easter marks Jesus rising from the dead and the faithful’s exchange of gifts with each other; it also recognizes Catholic tradition in Brazil as Latin America’s most populous Catholic country where people celebrate by attending Mass or taking part in Easter processions and special services at churches throughout Brazil.
Other popular religious holidays include:
- New Year’s Day (January 1st)
- Ash Wednesday (the first day of Lent)
- Good Friday (the Friday before Easter Sunday)
- All Souls’ Day (November 2nd), when Catholics visit cemeteries to honor their deceased loved ones.
- Pentecost, a Christian holiday that commemorates God sending His Holy Spirit to His disciples 50 days after Jesus’ Resurrection, also takes place in May or June annually.
In some more traditional cities like Recife or Salvador, a parade known as Bumba-Meu-Boi takes place where people play drums and mimic African rhythms to illustrate several biblical stories about Jesus’ life over seven days.
Several other holidays have become common celebrations throughout Brazil, including Christmas, Independence Day, the anniversary of Brazilian independence from Portugal (September 7th), Dia dos Professores (Teachers’ Day on October 15th), St John’s Day, Mother’s Day on August 12th as well as Dia do Fico (Goodbye day- honoring someone who moved away).