Bulgaria Travel Guide

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Bulgaria is a popular destination for travelers and locals alike. Bulgaria has something to offer everyone, from the stunning Black Sea coast to the majestic mountains. Bulgaria is home to vibrant cities, stunning natural landscapes, and idyllic villages.

In this guide, we will provide a comprehensive overview of what you can expect when traveling in Bulgaria:

Location

Bulgaria is a small European country located southeastern corner of the Balkan Peninsula. Bulgaria shares borders with Greece and Turkey to the south, Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedonia to the west, and the Black Sea to the east. It has varied terrain, including mountains, beaches, lakes, and rivers.

The capital city of Sofia, lying in western Bulgaria at an elevation of some 560 meters (1,837 feet) above sea level and situated between two mountain ranges (the Vitosha Mountains and Lyulin), has beautiful architecture from all eras that travelers can explore.

There are many national parks and wildlife preserves for nature lovers who come to explore Bulgaria’s rich biodiversity. In addition to its natural beauty and historic sites, Bulgaria is home to some of Europe’s best ski resorts – Bansko being one of them – which draw tourists from all over the world every winter season.

Climate

Bulgaria is in a temperate climate zone and experiences many conditions that can affect travel plans. Summers tend to be warm and dry, with temperatures ranging from 19-26°C (66–79°F), while winters usually are pretty cold, with low temperatures ranging from -2 to -11°C (28–12°F). During this time of the year, snowfall is expected, especially in mountainous regions, making skiing a popular tourist activity.

The central regions tend to be rainier than the Black Sea coast throughout all four seasons. Spring and autumn generally have more moderate temperatures and provide pleasant weather for touring the many sites around Bulgaria. In addition, during these seasons, rainfall increases but tends to be intermittent so as not to disrupt activities or plans. The Black Sea Coast usually gets high rainfall, which occurs during summer.

It’s essential for travelers to check detailed reports before embarking on their trip and plan their travels accordingly to ensure they have a memorable experience and get the most out of Bulgaria’s varied climate.

History

Bulgaria has a complex and exciting history spanning thousands of years. It was first settled in the 7th century BC by the Thracians, an ancient civilization that predates the Greeks and Romans who left their unique mark on the modern country. Then, in the 4th century AD, tribes from central Asia settled in present-day Bulgaria, followed by Slavic peoples in the 6th century who established Bulgaria as an independent state.

For much of its history, Bulgaria was under foreign rule, including the Byzantine Empire and Ottoman Empire, before gaining independence in 1878. After World War II and 44 years of Communist rule, Bulgaria became a democracy in 1989 with a new constitution providing freedom rights and private property ownership.

As an EU member since 2007, Bulgaria today enjoys a stable economy and society characterized by religious tolerance between Eastern Orthodox Christianity, Islam, and Judaism. Its classical heritage and stunning natural scenery draw visitors from all over who explore its charming cities like Sofia and Plovdiv while skiing or relaxing at coastal resorts along the Black Sea.

Accommodation

Bulgaria is an affordable country with numerous accommodation options, from luxury hotels to budget guesthouses. Therefore, booking in advance when traveling to Bulgaria is essential, especially in the peak tourist season from June to September.

If you prefer a more homey atmosphere, consider renting a holiday home or an apartment for your stay. Bulgaria has something for everyone, whatever type of accommodation you want.

Hotels

Hotels in Bulgaria are wide-ranging and varied. From luxurious five-star affairs in the main cities to charming smaller guesthouses in rural settings, hotels come in every shape and size, guaranteed to suit every budget and taste.

  • Five-Star Hotels: You don’t have to spend a fortune to enjoy the delights of Bulgaria’s top hotels – luxurious rooms, upmarket facilities such as swimming pools, spas, gyms, and fine dining. Sofia has some of the most upscale hotel options with an excellent selection across all-star ratings.
  • Four-Star Hotels: Barcelona is home to some of Bulgaria’s best mid-level hotels – think tasteful decor, good quality food, and a decent range of services at packages that are kind on your wallet. Perfect for corporate clients or family vacations on a budget.
  • Three-Star Hotels: Budget accommodation doesn’t mean compromising comfort or quality – located across Bulgaria’s major cities and tourist areas, you can expect modern interiors with added convenience like laundry services and private parking.
  • Guesthouses: An excellent choice for those wanting to experience something different – lots of guesthouses found nestled away among quaint villages often come equipped with characterful features like rustic wooden beams or open fires for those cooler months, plus an opportunity to sample traditional authentic cuisine without venturing too far from where you’re staying.

Hostels

Hostels in Bulgaria are a great budget-friendly option for travelers looking for inexpensive yet social accommodation. Many hostels have a lounge and common area, making them a great place to meet other travelers. Hostels usually come in shared dorm rooms with bunk beds, but some also provide private and double bedrooms. Regardless of the room type, most hostels offer all the necessary amenities, including free wireless internet access, access to laundry facilities, and 24-hour reception service.

In addition to the basic amenities, many hostels in Bulgaria also offer additional services such as bike and car rentals, tour tickets, and guided excursions around the city or region you visit. So whether you’re after a peaceful setting or an opportunity to meet people from all over the world, there’s sure to be a hostel to suit your needs.

Be sure to check individual reviews before booking, as prices and services may differ from one hostel to another.

Airbnb

Airbnb has become increasingly popular worldwide and is a great way to access authentic Bulgarian lodging experiences. Airbnb is an online marketplace that connects people who need accommodation with local hosts. Various types of accommodation are listed on the website, from traditional houses and apartments to private rooms in residential homes.

By making reservations through Airbnb, you can rent an entire apartment or just one room in a house for your stay in Bulgaria. It allows you to get an authentic experience and see how locals live. Moreover, you will likely experience more convenience when traveling with Airbnb, as some accommodations provide amenities such as kitchenware, Wi-Fi networks, and self-service laundry options.

The website also offers plenty of information so you can easily find the location of your accommodation by searching through its listings according to region and city. Prices vary depending on the size of the space and its amenities, but generally, they are more economical than conventional hotel rates. Many owners even offer discounts on more extended stays or provide transportation services upon request at an extra cost.

Alice hosts often offer insights into their local culture, allowing guests to gain exciting insights into Bulgarian life that they may not find in conventional tourist spots or hotels. Hosts can also give recommendations about the best places to visit in the locality that may include hidden gems overlooked by most traditional tour guides – another reason why Airbnb has become so popular amongst travelers!

Transportation

Getting around Bulgaria is accessible with various transportation options, including trains, buses, rental cars, and flights.

  • Bulgarian Railways (BDZ) operates the national rail network and has regular departures from the capital city of Sofia to the other major cities.
  • Bus services cover the whole country and are usually the most popular way to get from point A to point B.
  • Car rental is also an option for those who want to explore the country independently.
  • Lastly, several airports in Bulgaria provide domestic and international flights to destinations.

Airports

Bulgaria has ten international airports located throughout the country, including three in the capital, Sofia. The busiest airport is Sofia Airport, with over 5 million passengers passing through each year. Burgas and Varna Airports on the Black Sea Coast are other Bulgarian airports with significant passenger traffic.

Air transportation offers convenient connections to most European and Middle Eastern destinations and direct flights to North America, Asia, Australia, and Africa. Many airlines operate in Bulgaria, including national carriers Bulgariabegas and Air Balkan Airlines, but also numerous budget carriers like Wizz Air Bulgaria, Easy Jet Bulgaria, and Ryanair Bulgaria.

Several domestic airlines offer flights from one city to another regularly for individuals who are not flying internationally or want to explore more distant locations within Bulgaria. If air travel isn’t within your budget or time frame, then consider using ground transportation such as:

  • Bus options are available in the country.
  • Train options are available in the country.

Buses

Bulgaria has an extensive network of buses providing regional transport. Most international and domestic bus routes originate in Sofia, but there are frequent services to most towns and cities in the country. The largest towns and cities are serviced by regular daily services, with most buses going from morning until late at night. More minor rural routes tend to have fewer frequencies, though some will offer services that run into the early hours of the morning.

Most bus stations stock timetables, though schedules can change depending on which route you’re looking to take. The Bulgarian website Naplakala offers an up-to-date real-time schedule with prices for most bus routes throughout Bulgaria. You can even book your tickets online ahead of time through their website or app.

Many buses also offer additional amenities such as Wi-Fi, USB charging ports, reclining seats, and more – be sure to confirm what each service provides before purchasing for maximum convenience during your travels!

Trains

Train travel is one of the most popular forms of transportation in Bulgaria. Several major train routes connect the main cities and towns across the country.

Trains in Bulgaria typically run on time, but they can be crowded at peak times such as mornings and evenings, so it’s a good idea to get to the station early if you want choice seating. You can buy tickets online or at station counters – make sure you have the exact change, or you won’t get a refund! All tickets need to be validated before boarding.

Bulgaria has two kinds of trains – express and regular. The fastest and most comfortable type are express trains offering first-class service with more spacious seating and amenities. These trains usually traverse long distances across the country, so it’s essential to plan for any stops along the way if necessary. Regular trains offer basic accommodation but can be more affordable for those on a tight budget – consider this option for shorter journeys within Bulgaria.

When traveling overnight by train, couchette tickets are available for extra comfort onboard – six berths per compartment make for an exciting journey accompanied by an eye mask and pillow provided! So why not explore Bulgaria from the comfort of your seat when planning your trip?

Attractions

Bulgaria has plenty of attractions to explore. From centuries-old churches to sandy beaches, this country is full of exciting sights and activities for visitors to enjoy. Bulgaria has something for everyone, whether you’re looking for ancient ruins, cultural experiences, or outdoor activities.

This guide will provide an overview of the most popular attractions that Bulgaria has to offer:

Beaches

Bulgaria has a diverse range of stunning beaches. From golden stretches of sand that line the Black Sea coast to smaller sandy and pebbly shores around the larger lakes, there is something for every beach lover to enjoy.

The Black Sea beach resorts offer something for everyone. The largest and most popular is Sunny Beach on the southeastern corner of the Bulgarian coastline. There are a variety of beaches here, from quiet coves to bustling areas with cafés, restaurants, and nightlife. Others nearby include Golden Sands, Obzor, Sveti Vlas, Albena, and Pomorie. Close to Varna in north-eastern Bulgaria are Nessebar and Tsarevo, known for their natural beauty. All these destinations offer a variety of activities, including watersports such as sailing and windsurfing – plus nightclubs for partygoers who don’t want the day to end too early!

Aside from those along the Black Sea Coastline, Bulgaria has other beautiful beaches. The most popular inland beach destinations include Lake Iskar near Sofia in central Bulgaria (where you can also find opportunities to sail or canoe) or Kranevo near Varna, which has great water quality due to its shallowness – perfect for families holidaying with kids! Further down south is the Ropotamo River which flows through Strandja Nature Park – here, you will have the opportunity to explore secluded coves where you can sunbathe without crowds around you.

Mountains

Bulgaria is a country that is no stranger to mountain ranges, boasting some of the best skiing slopes in Europe. With its majestic mountains and valleys surrounding its cities, the beauty and vast expanse of the hills offer awe-inspiring opportunities for exploration and adventure.

The three main riches of Bulgaria’s mountainous landscapes are Rila (2,925 m/9,596 ft), Pirin (2,914 m/9,560 ft), and Stara Planina (1,688 m/5,527 ft). All around Bulgarian- Macedonia Border, there is a marvelous mountain ridge – Rhodopes (2200m/7 256ft), with beautiful lakes like Batak Lake or Marash Urumov Peak 2191m / 7187ft). You will find plenty to refuel your imagination on mountains like Rila or even Vidin-Cerna Gora way south.

Popular attractions are high in the peaks – Seven Rila Lakes is one of Bulgaria’s most recognizable natural landmarks. Vitosha Nature Reserve offers visitors stunning landscape features set among rock formations and forests. In addition to its natural beauty, Rila Monastery can be found there; it’s one of Bulgaria’s most important cultural monuments. Also worth visiting is Pravets peak at Musala with beautiful views from 2500m/8202ft above sea level. Finally, the Belogradchik Rocks in northwest Bulgaria offer attractive sightseeing options amidst peculiarly shaped sandstone pillars resembling animals when seen from above – truly a wonder!

Monasteries

Bulgaria is home to over one hundred monasteries and is an ideal destination for exploring Christianity and its various religious sites. It was founded in the 10th century. Bulgaria’s many monasteries are linked to the emergence of the Bulgarian Orthodox Church and the country’s long-standing history of Eastern Christianity. Bulgaria’s monasteries include those built in tranquil mountain locations and ancient ones in cities and towns.

The Rila Monastery, located in southwestern Bulgaria, is perhaps the best-known monastery among tourists. A fortified medieval complex constructed atop a hill overlooking Rila Mountain, it’s a rich architectural and cultural landmark that boasts impressive churches, crosses, and icons inside its walls. Also worth exploring are the following:

  • Bachkovo Monastery near Plovdiv;
  • Troyan Monastery is located along the Cherni Osam River;
  • Dryanovo Monastery near Gabrovo;
  • Struga Monastery was built on stilts over Lake Prespa; and
  • Sokolski Monastery is located close to Vitosha Mountain.

Mosques are also popular tourist attractions in Bulgaria, where visitors can learn more about Turkish culture and check out some impressive architecture from both Ottoman and more modern times. The Tumbul Hussein Bey Mosque is an example of post-Renaissance architecture found in Plovdiv’s Old Town district – with towers, domes, and multicolored, detailing all evidence that Ottoman rule left an indelible mark on this corner of Europe. Other notable mosques you may want to visit include:

  • Banya Bashi Mosque is located across from Sofia Central Mineral Baths;
  • Sveta Troitsa Mosque or Holy Trinity Mosque located on Ostrova Square in Silistra;
  • Kapan Han Mosque, which lies two kilometers south of Sofia’s city center;
  • Tanush Hardenaf, around 1580-1590, established Ibrahim Pasha Mosque during Sultan Murad III’s reign; and
  • Mehmed Paşa Lyutibis’ mosque was erected around 1573-74 during Murad III’s reign.

Museums

Bulgaria is home to a wide range of museums showcasing its long and rich history, culture, and tradition. From the relatively new National Museum of Military History to the centuries-old National Historical Museum, there is something here for everyone.

The National Museum of History found in Sofia is devoted to the rich past of Bulgaria, from Ancient Thrace to the present day. It offers exhibitions about different periods in Bulgarian history, with more than 650 thousand items on display. Some exhibitions include objects related to contemporary world history and themed shows based on foreign volumes from the museum’s collection. In addition, it houses temporary expositions, interactive modules for children and adults, and educational activities for all.

The National Museum of Military History showcases the history and development of the Bulgarian army from antiquity to the present day, with special attention given to World War I and II era exhibits that commemorate Bulgarians’ role in these global conflicts. Located in Sofia next to National Stadium “Vasil Levski,” Military Museum has continuously enriched its collections throughout recent years through donations by citizens as well as unique relics originating from all over Europe, not only related to military technology but also art pieces such as war trophies and glorious banners captured by Bulgarian troops during the wars they fought in or participated in.

The Ethnographic Museum features 33 thousand of objects showcasing cultural heritage crafts such as sewing machines, looms, and artifacts representing 20th Century life customs connected chiefly with traditional materials like silk, sisal hemp, etc. pottery items, furniture sets, etc. Located close to The Alexander Nevsky Cathedral, it captures visitors’ imagination of Old Sofia Town streets. It shortens the cultural gap between generations one visit giving them an exclusive opportunity for the most transforming experience ever!

Food and Drink

Bulgarian cuisine combines Balkan and Mediterranean cuisines, featuring various fresh, local ingredients. Dishes may include meats such as goulash, stuffed peppers, and kebabche; fish dishes such as salmon and trout; and hearty soups and stews.

Bulgarian cuisine is typically served with zesty dips and sauces. Both red and white are popular and widely available Bulgarian wines.

Let’s take a look at more of the culinary culture in Bulgaria:

Traditional Dishes

Bulgaria is known for its diverse culinary practices, styles, and flavors. While various local dishes are prominent in different regions across the country, all share a common thread of combining simple, fresh ingredients to create delicious combinations. Traditional Bulgarian dishes are often prepared with lean meats such as pork or chicken and various hearty vegetables. Typical spices used in Bulgarian cooking include garlic and parsley, while some common healthy side dishes include roasted potatoes and boiled rice.

Depending on the region within Bulgaria, some of the more popular traditional dish examples include:

  • Banitsa – A savory cheese pastry with eggs and feta cheese traditionally served for breakfast.
  • Shopska salata – A salad consisting mainly of diced cucumbers, tomatoes, onions, peppers, and feta cheese, usually sprinkled with oregano for extra flavor.
  • Kavarma – A stew typically cooked in clay pots using different types of meats and given flavor from red pepper paste or powder known as karovana.
  • Tarator – A cold soup made primarily of cold yogurt mixed with cucumbers, garlic, and dill provides a refreshing snack on hot summer days.
  • Kebabcheta – Spicy grilled sausage usually served with fries or white bread on the side.
  • Musaka – An oven-baked casserole dish consisting mainly of potatoes covered in cheese melted over mushed eggplant for extra flavor and texture.

Local Beverages

Bulgaria has a very diverse tradition of local alcoholic and non-alcoholic beverages. From local beer to wine, the most popular choice among locals is rakia, an alcoholic drink made of fermented fruit. Rakia is served in many restaurants and bars, often with dishes such as shopska salad or musaka.

Beer also plays a vital role in Bulgarian culture; there are several local brands that you can try whenever visiting Bulgaria. Most of them are brewed with lager yeast and taste slightly sweet. The most popular brand is Zagorka, available on draft and in bottles.

Wine-making is another big tradition here, with sparkling wines being the most popular type among locals. Wine-producing regions include Struma wine region, Melnik wine region, and Kaliakra Black Sea coast winemaking region, where you can find some delicious white wines from Chardonnay, Riesling varieties and some reds made from Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot, or Syrah grapes.

In addition to traditional alcoholic drinks such as rakia and beer, Bulgarians also have a great selection of non-alcoholic beverages that can be enjoyed during the hot summer days when temperatures reach more than 40 degrees Celsius on some occasions. Refreshment options include:

  • Soft drinks such as Coca-Cola or Fanta
  • Natural juices such as grape juice (grozdova шарпа), apple juice (jabolkov sok), or minerals like stara zagora mineral water (bulgarska voda).

These drinks will surely help beat Bulgaria’s ubiquitous heat during the summer months!

Dining Experiences

When traveling in Bulgaria, food, and drink are an enjoyable part of the experience. Bulgarian cuisine is a mix of Eastern European and Mediterranean fare, offering dishes that range from simple to sophisticated. Traditional staples include vegetables, meat, other proteins, and various grains such as bulgur wheat, rice, and peppers. In addition, dairy products such as yogurt are commonly found in most dishes.

Bread plays an integral part in the Bulgarian diet; cooks have been baking high-fiber flat loaves for centuries using recipes handed down over generations. Bread is most commonly served with soup or salads but can also be eaten alongside entrees or used to make sandwiches. Other common accompaniments include olives, feta cheese, and pastries.

Bulgaria has an extensive selection of beverages, including beers and wines designed to pair perfectly with the country’s culinary heritage. Since the Black Sea largely surrounds Bulgaria, seafood dishes feature prominently on restaurant menus across the country. A few must-try options include traditional grilled trout with red peppers or sea bass simmered in saffron broth – both guaranteed to tantalize your taste buds!

As a visitor to Bulgaria, you’ll find plenty of opportunities to explore different dining experiences ranging from local cuisine at family-run restaurants to chic rooftop eateries where urbanites dine on high – whatever your tastes. You’re sure to find something satisfying!

Safety

Bulgaria is generally a safe and welcoming place to visit. Still, like in any other country, tourists should be aware of their surroundings and take the necessary precautions for their safety.

This guide will explore the safety measures visitors must consider when traveling in Bulgaria. It will cover topics such as:

  • Safety advice
  • Scams and frauds
  • Personal safety
  • and more.

Health and Wellness

Travelers to Bulgaria should consider a few important safety considerations, especially those related to personal health and wellness. Before traveling to Bulgaria, it is essential to consult a doctor about vaccinations that may be recommended for the region. It is also important to follow general safety guidelines for any country, such as not leaving valuables unattended and avoiding suspicious activities or people.

Additionally, travelers should bring their first aid supplies and healthcare items from home. Check with your cargo carrier or airline for discretion regarding any medical items that cannot be transported under international air regulations. Be aware of how heat and temperature extremes may affect your medications if stored improperly before storage in the luggage bay of an airplane. For travelers’ peace of mind, it is best to pack all medications in labeled containers marked with the traveler’s name, destination address, and contact information in case of loss during transit.

Those who spend extended time outdoors while traveling should remember that bacteria levels can differ significantly from what they are used to at home or other locations they have traveled to previously. To avoid food poisoning or dehydration, travelers should always:

  • drink bottled water available at local shops (rather than tap water) and
  • only eat food prepared in safe restaurants with high standards of hygiene.

Additionally, wear sunscreen, protective clothing, and sunglasses when spending time outdoors during peak hours when ultraviolet radiation may be at its highest strength or direct sunlight exposure is required due to terrain features such as hillsides facing away from the sun mid-day.

Emergency Services

Bulgaria has a comprehensive range of emergency services available to assist travelers. However, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the local emergency numbers before your trip to know who to contact if an issue arises.

The Bulgarian Police travel broadcast can be accessed through 112, and they provide an English-speaking helpline. They can respond to any emergency, from medical services to traffic collisions.

The Fire and Rescue services can be contacted on a 24/7 basis through 010, and this number can also be used for Towing Services if necessary. The Ambulance service is on standby at 150, and Medical Assistance is also provided at 166. For general safety calls, the National Center for Expertise is available at 152 or 154, depending on location within Bulgaria.

Crime Prevention

The crime rate in Bulgaria is lower than in other countries. However, like in any other country, pickpocketing is also a problem. Therefore, taking specific measures for your safety and protecting your valuables is essential. Here are some tips to help you stay safe:

  • Avoid leaving your bag unattended. Don’t hang purses from the backs of chairs or place them on the ground while you’re sightseeing. Make sure your bag is zipped tight when in public, and avoid carrying too much cash or expensive items on your person.
  • Be careful when using ATMs, and check for skimming devices before you enter your PIN. Attackers monitor ATM transactions to try and capture personal information, so it’s essential to remain alert when using one.
  • Do not get involved in drug deals or any other illegal activities! Drug dealers have been known to target tourist locations to scam unsuspecting tourists out of their money.
  • Research specific areas before visiting; this way, you will know what areas are safe or not so safe so that you can plan accordingly.
  • Lock all doors and windows of accommodation before going out for an extended period.
  • When traveling, arrange transportation ahead of time through reliable services with vetted drivers.
  • Park in visible areas with good lighting whenever possible.

By following these safe practices, you should be able to protect yourself from crime and criminal activity while traveling in Bulgaria!