Historical Sites
Cuba is a country with a vibrant and fascinating history. From ancient forts to colonial mansions, various historical sites will captivate the interest of any historian or lover of architecture. Keep reading to discover some of the most well-known historical sites in Cuba:
Castillo de San Pedro de la Roca
Castillo de San Pedro de la Roca is a coastal fortress built in 1638 on San Juan Hill in Santiago de Cuba. It is one of Cuba’s most important historical sites and has been declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site. The fortress aimed to ward off pirates and contraband traders. This fortified city contains several buildings of importance, including the Governor’s Palace and the church of Nuestra Señora del Carmen.
Various defensive cannons were installed at multiple locations in the complex, including atop two watchtowers connected by underground passageways.
There are several items within Castillo de San Pedro de la Roca open to visitors, including:
- Art exhibits from some of Cuba’s most famous artists, such as Goya and Oquendo.
- Tours of former prison cells.
- Multilingual exhibitions showcasing the fortress’ riveting history through interactive audiovisual displays.
- An interactive wellness center comprising yoga studios, gyms, and an arcade with more than 50 virtual reality experiences.
Plaza de la Revolución
Plaza de la Revolución, or Revolution Square, is Havana’s most famous historical site. This impressive square was the site of many of the Cuban Revolution’s biggest rallies, including Fidel Castro, Che Guevara, and Camilo Cienfuegos. Today, it is a monument to the revolutionaries and Cuba’s revolutionary spirit.
This iconic square stretches over three city blocks in Havana’s Vedado district. The focal point of Plaza de la Revolución is José Martí Memorial – an 88-foot-tall statue dedicated to the memory of Cuba’s national hero and driving force behind the Cuban independence movement. In addition, the building that houses the Ministry of Interior is adorned with an image of Che Guevara while featuring a mural quotation by Fidel Castro that reads, “Hasta la victoria siempre!” (Onward to Victory Forever!).
Adjacent to six massive buildings – which house offices for government ministries and revolutionary services– there are two famous avenues – Avenida Délgado on one side and Avenida Paseo on the other– lined with sizzling outdoor food stalls presenting authentic Cuban flavors at their best and open-air socializing spots for crowds day or night.
On special occasions such as May Day celebrations and exhibitions organized by Cuba’s Cultural Ministry – Plaza de la Revolución opens its doors to thousands who come from all corners both inside Cuba – Santiago de Cuba at its eastmost – Holguin in the north–central Camaguey in south & western Pinar del Rio – plus visitors from around the world. Indeed, people visiting Havana shouldn’t miss out on this world-famous site – it is undeniably one of the city’s best attractions.
Museo de la Revolución
Museo de la Revolución (Museum of the Revolution) is located in the former Presidential Palace in Havana and is a national museum dedicated to preserving the history of Cuba’s struggles for independence. The building was constructed in 1920 and was originally home to Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista, who Fidel Castro’s revolutionaries overthrew during the 1959 Cuban revolution.
The museum offers a variety of exhibits showcasing instruments used during this time of struggle and documents the years leading up to Castro’s rise to power. In addition, visitors can view photographs, newspaper articles, militaria, documents, and artifacts that tell the tale of Cuba’s rebellion against Spanish colonization and its fight for independence after gaining it. Museo de la Revolución also houses personal items belonging to revolutionary heroes Che Guevara, Antonio Maceo, and Fidel himself. This must-visit location also contains letters from famous worldwide leaders such as Bill Clinton, V. Putin, Nikita Khrushchev, and others who sought an alliance with Cuba during these tumultuous years.
Natural Attractions
Cuba is filled with natural attractions that will make for an unforgettable vacation. From the caves to white sandy beaches and vibrant coral reefs, there is something for everyone to enjoy. Visitors can take a guided tour to explore the limestone formations of the Viñales Valley, hike trails in the Sierra Maestra Mountains, and take a relaxing stroll through some of the country’s lush botanical gardens.
Let’s explore the natural wonders Cuba has to offer:
Cueva de los Portales
Cueva de los Portales, located near the small fishing village of El Salado in the sandstone mountains of western Cuba, is an impressive natural tourist attraction. The Cave’s entrance leads directly to a large open chamber containing a unique combination of geological formations, including stalactites, stalagmites, and other fascinating rock structures. Its interior is home to several species of bats, and other animals and hunters often use its dark recesses for refuge.
Thousands of visitors worldwide have visited this unusual site over the past decade. Visitors will find breathtaking views inside the Cave from mysterious corners, such as tumbling waterfalls that seep through tall rocks creating a beautiful underground river decorated with silverfish. An exciting part of Cueva de los Portales is its connection to Cuban history; Che Guevara used it during his guerrilla movement against Fulgencio Batista in 1958.
After exploring this once secret haven, spend time hiking around El Salado’s marshland or take a boat tour across the lake before retreating inside Cueva de los Portales for one last glimpse at Cuba’s extraordinary gift to the world – an adventure into a mythical underworld like none other.
Varadero Beach
Varadero Beach is one of the best Cuban beaches, located on the island’s northern coast in Matanzas province. It’s the blue paradise because of its stunning white sand beach and warm turquoise waters – a great place to spot some vibrant coral and fish.
The area was once home to a small fishing village with many wooden houses that have since been replaced by large hotels, ranging from all-inclusive resorts to budget-friendly places. Bicycles are available for rent, or you can use affordable local taxis.
For those looking for a bit more adventure, there is plenty to do around the area, including:
- Horseback riding on the beach
- Deep-sea fishing cruises
- Kayaking trips along cays and riverbanks
- Scuba diving excursions
- Parasailing sessions over crystal clear waters
- Snorkeling trips to explore shipwrecks full of colorful fish and coral gardens
- Kite surfing
- Wave boarding on waves that range from small, gentles ones up to 6ft tall!
Furthermore, there are numerous sightseeing destinations in Varadero:
- Plaza America Convention Center – where world-class casinos can be found
- Josone Park offers sports activities for kids like mini golf as well as different singing shows every night
- Cave of Ambrosio
- Cueva del Autrión – archaeological relics and fossils thousands of years old
- Bacunayagua bridge is one of Cuba’s tallest bridges overlooking breathtaking landscapes below it.
You will also find excellent restaurants here serving delicious Cuban cuisine, or you can sample some freshly caught seafood while watching an amazing sunset.
Parque Nacional Viñales
Parque Nacional Viñales, located in the Pinar del Rio Province in the western part of Cuba, is a stunning natural area featuring unbelievable beauty and biodiversity. This sprawling park spans 468 square miles and is known for its lush green forests, towering mountain peaks, and spectacular limestone formations. Visitors come from all over the world to experience the unforgettable landscapes of Parque Nacional Viñales.
The topographical and geological features of Parque Nacional Viñales are unique and breathtaking. The landscape includes flat-topped mountains called mogotes, deep ravines carved by rivers, sugarcane fields, caves with special lighting effects showcasing shapes generated by nature over hundreds of years, and beautiful valleys surrounded by vertical cliffs up to 300 meters high.
The park’s wildlife is diverse and abundant, including plants such as birds, bats, and lizards and endemic species such as trogon Cubans – an endangered species only found in Cuba! The caves have also been home to eight different species of bats since 1871. In addition, avid hikers will find plenty of trails throughout the national park ranging from short walks along wide paths to multi-day treks that explore more remote areas.
Visitors can enjoy camping in camping sites run by local farmers or stay in cabins managed by Cubature. In addition to sightseeing within the park’s boundaries, you can enjoy many activities outside its borders, including horseback riding tours through tobacco plantations or boat trips on nearby rivers where you can watch alligators closing in on their prey. Whether you’re seeking adventure or want a break from your busy life, a trip to Parque Nacional Viñales promises an unforgettable experience!
Cultural Experiences
Cuba is home to a vibrant culture, with various festivals and activities showcasing the nation’s heritage. From ballet to jazz, art, and gastronomy, there are plenty of ways to experience Cuba’s culture truly. From the Salsa music that thumps through the streets to the fiery flavors of traditional Cuban dishes, there is something to mesmerize and delight every visitor.
Here, we’ll explore the various cultural experiences available in Cuba:
Havana Jazz Clubs
The vibrant city of Havana, Cuba, is known for its vibrant nightlife and must-visit jazz clubs. Jazz has been a popular part of Cuban music culture since the 1920s when American swing bands first started to become popular. From the Tropicana-style shows to swinging small local bars and sophisticated jazz venues, visiting visitors should enjoy some of the live music fun.
The splendid scene that takes over Havana every night is alive with some big-name club owners and performers. However, there are plenty of smaller venues hosting 20-piece jazz ensembles and big Latin bands playing some truly fantastic work. Saratoga is one of these smaller venues, but it’s filled with passionate locals looking for an evening full of jamming and dancing until 4 in the morning! Other local venues worth a visit include Salón Rosado de La Tropical and La Zorra y el Cuervo Club – also known as La Zorza — where you can find heavy African influence in their performances and excellent cocktails.
A handful of classic Havana cabarets also host nightly music shows, including El Turquino at the legendary Habana Libre Hotel or El Cabaret Las Vegas at Hotel Riviera, which pays homage to classic American-style variety shows from Hollywood’s Golden Age. The former hosts a Latin Jazz band once a week, so check their program before planning a visit!
Cuban Cuisine
Cuba has a unique culture; food is a large part of that culture. Part of the Caribbean culinary landscape, Cuban cuisine is a mix of Spanish, African, Caribbean, and Chinese foods. Those who love to try new flavors or looking for ways to experience Cuban culture up close should seek out traditional Cuban dishes.
In Cuba, rice is a staple ingredient, and almost every meal includes it in some form. Dishes like Arroz con pollo (or chicken with rice) are a favorite. There are also many plantain-based dishes like mariquitas (green plantain chips), amarillos (fried ripe plantains), and maduros (sweet fried ripe plantains). Other traditional dishes include ropa vieja (shredded beef stew in tomato sauce), bistec de palomilla (thinly sliced beefsteak), ropa veija empanizada (breaded shredded beef steak), pork steak with onions and tropical fruit salad.
There is much more to explore in Cuban cuisine – including seafood dishes, soups, sandwiches, and regional delicacies – so be sure to place these items on your must-try list when visiting the country. From sampling local street foods to enjoying colorful platters of traditional favorites at home-cooked meals – Cuba offers authentic flavors for everyone!
Cigar Factory Tours
When you travel to Cuba, one memorable experience is visiting a tobacco or cigar factory. Many of the major Cuban cigar factories and tobacco cooperative farms offer tours. The most famous factory is El Laguito, located in the Miramar district of Havana and home of the Cohiba cigars.
Other well-known factories are located in Condega and Santiago de Cuba. You can learn how these coveted cigars are made by planting and curing tobacco leaves by hand rolling them into finished beauties.
You may visit a working factory or museum displaying antique machinery used to produce cigars. During the tour, skilled workers will explain how each part of the process works and demonstrate some impressive cigar-rolling tricks that make it look easy! Depending on when you visit, you may even be able to witness the entire process from start to finish – from fermenting and aging leaves in wooden barrels to final cutting, drying, sorting, and packaging of these world-famous cigars. At many factories, visitors can also buy cigars at discounts as several brands manufacture them exclusively at their facilities.
Shopping
Shopping in Cuba is equal parts exciting, affordable and nostalgia-inducing. The traditional markets offer old-world charm and an array of one-of-a-kind souvenirs and goods, while the modern-day shopping centers provide the option of purchasing more Western-style items. Whether it’s Cuban cigars, rum, traditional handicrafts, or a range of other goods, there’s something for everyone in Cuba.
Let’s get into the details:
Mercado de Artesanias
The Mercado de Artesanias (Arts and Crafts Market) in Habana Vieja, Cuba, is a popular attraction for visitors and art lovers. The market features Cuban artists and craftspeople selling everything from unique pottery to intricate carvings made from wood, stone, and shells. Local painters are often seen exhibiting their colorful works of art here. The Mercado de Artesanias is a great place to find unique souvenirs or home-decorating items to commemorate your visit to Cuba.
Located next to the Museum of Natural History in Habana Vieja’s Parque Central (Central Park), the Mercado de Artesanias is open daily from 10:00 AM until 10:00 PM. Come early for the best selection, as some vendors may not stay open for the full 12 hours each day. There are also traditional restaurants serving up delicious Cuban cuisine located close by, making it a great spot to take a break from shopping and enjoy authentic dishes like congri (rice and black beans), ropa vieja (shredded beef with vegetables), or Ensalada de gallina (cold chicken salad). Shopping at this bustling market location can be a truly immersive cultural experience!
Calle Obispo
Calle Obispo is one of the main shopping streets in Havana, Cuba. Located in the heart of Old Havana, it is a major tourist attraction that draws visitors worldwide. With its vibrant atmosphere, an array of boutiques and markets, and local eateries, Calle Obispo is the perfect place to take in all the sights and sounds of this Historic city.
Along Calle Obispo, you can find beautifully handcrafted souvenirs, ornaments, and artwork on display on numerous shop fronts and craft galleries and emporiums selling locally made items such as cigars. You can also shop for jewelry at Croissanteria de los Artesanos or experience Cuban music culture by browsing through the selection of instruments at El Paquete Instrumental. For a more contemporary shopping experience, you can head to Chocolaterias La FAMA, where you can find fresh chocolates made from Cuban-grown cocoa beans or pick up Cuban books at The Cuban Bookstore.
Calle Obispo also has a diverse range of eateries and restaurants, including:
- Cafeteria La Cafetera where you can enjoy a Cuban coffee while snacking on delicious pastries.
- El Patio restaurant serves traditional dishes with outdoor seating.
- Bar 25 offers tapas-style servings and live music performances.
- Habanera Bistro offers fine dining along with an open-air terrace for relaxation.
Whether looking for souvenirs or experiencing traditional cuisine, Calle Obispo provides visitors with an unforgettable cultural experience through its range of stores and restaurants along its cobbled pathways lined with pastel-colored buildings.
Fábrica de Arte Cubano
Fábrica de Arte Cubano, located in the Vedado district of Havana, is an art factory and cultural center managed by musician Ajay Rodríguez. It is home to some of Cuba’s best music, dance companies, and art galleries. The factory was established in 2012 as a late-night hangout spot for creatives, attracting painters, writers, and musicians.
The Fábrica also includes a movie theater, restaurant, bar, and various art galleries offering paintings, photographs, and sculptures. In addition, music performances are held regularly throughout the week in the open-air courtyard, while visitors can also enjoy films from Wednesday to Sunday.
Shopping at the Fábrica de Arte Cubano offers a unique experience of buying Cuban artwork from emerging artists who sell their works at very reasonable prices. From leather goods to jewelry to paintings, you’ll find something special here that you can take home as a keepsake of your visit.
Outdoor Activities
Cuba has plenty of outdoor activities to participate in if you want an exciting and unique vacation. From exploring the amazing coral reefs to taking a sunset walk along the beach, there are plenty of things to do in Cuba. So whether you’re looking for a stroll or an adrenaline-pumping adventure, there’s an outdoor activity for you in Cuba.
Let’s explore some of these activities and attractions:
Hiking in Topes de Collantes
Hiking in Topes de Collantes is a great way to enjoy the sights, sounds, and smells of this mountainous region of Cuba. Located in the Escambray Mountains, the park covers an area of some 10.3 square miles and offers fantastic views from its highest peak, Tajumulco, which rises to a height of 1,800m.
In addition to hiking trails that range from easy walking paths to more demanding mountain climbs for experienced hikers, visitors will find sheltered picnic areas, camping sites, and attractive streams with clean waters. The park also welcomes backpackers who are well-prepared for overnight woodland environments.
There are various attractions for those keen on extended exploration hikes, such as La Playa Las Coloradas lake and the Cueva El Batan caves; both offer spectacular views along the way. Climate conditions vary significantly within the park, so it’s essential to avoid going during the rainy season (May – October). However, appropriate clothing should be worn if you visit, as temperatures can drop in certain areas – particularly those at higher altitudes.
Topes de Collantes is easily accessible from Trinidad city center via car or taxi and also accessible via public transportation. It’s worth making this a day trip out since its proximity to other attractions, such as El Nicho waterfalls, makes it ideal for combining visits into one adventure outing!
Scuba Diving in Jardines de la Reina
The remote, pristine offshore coral gardens of the Jardines de la Reina archipelago offer some of the world’s best diving. Scuba divers will discover a unique tropical reef system with links to Florida’s deep canyons in the Florida Straits.
This submerged mountain range is found off the south central coast of Cuba in the Atlantic and consists of 6,500 sq km/2,513 sq mi in a 57-km/35-mile long chain of more than 350 islands and cays. This underwater paradise features frequent sightings of some 20+ species of large fish, including barracuda, snapper and tarpon, schooling jacks, hammerhead sharks, and whale sharks.
Thanks to Cuba’s Ministry of Tourism, just a few operators can access these waters for diving. Visitors should brush up on their Spanish as English is rarely spoken by locals here down below sea level as well as above it!
Kayaking in Cayo Levisa
Cayo Levisa is a small, uninhabited island off the north coast of Cuba, and it has some incredible kayaking opportunities. You will get to paddle amongst the mangroves and see a variety of wildlife, such as iguanas, flamingos, and turtles. The island is also known for having great fishing spots, so bring your rods and reels if you want to catch big game fish.
If you’re new to kayaking, don’t worry – there are experienced guides in the area who will be able to provide instruction on skills like navigation and proper boat-handling techniques. The clear, shallow waters of Cayo Levisa make it the perfect spot for beginners and expert paddlers. And for those who want to take it easy, you can kick back in the sun-drenched waters with a cold drink from one of the many beach bars.
Whether you’re an experienced kayaker or looking to try something new, this destination has something for everyone! With its warm Caribbean climate and perfect year-round weather conditions, Cayo Levisa is worth exploring and discovering!